Ch.+17+-+Enlightenment+&+American+Revolution

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**Philosophy in the Age of Reason**
 * [[image:496px-Thomas_Hobbes_by_John_Michael_Wright_(2).jpg width="396" height="479"]] ||
 * **A portrait of Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679). Writer of //The Leviathan//, Hobbes argued that the best government was one that could control its subjects and create order and obedience - an absolute monarchy.** ||


 * [[image:460px-Locke-John-LOC.jpg width="310" height="419"]] ||
 * ** Portrait of John Locke, who lived from 1632-1704. Locke believed that people formed government out of their own will to protect their rights, and as such the best government was the least restrictive one. ** ||

**__World History Goals__** **WHG6.1.4 - Changes in Economic and Political Systems – compare the emerging economic and political systems (industrialism and democracy) with the economic and political systems of the previous era (agriculture and absolutism). (See 5.3.5)** **WHG6.2.1 - Political Revolutions – Analyze the Age of Revolutions by comparing and contrasting the political, economic, and social causes and consequences of at least three political and/or nationalistic revolutions (American, French, Haitian, Mexican or other Latin American, or Chinese Revolutions) (National Geography Standard 13, p. 210)** **WHG6.3.1 - Europe – Analyze the economic, political, and social transformations in Europe by: analyzing and explaining the impact of economic development on European society (National Geography Standard 11, p. 206); explaining how democratic ideas and revolutionary conflicts influenced European society, noting particularly their influence on religious institutions, education, family life, and the legal and political position of women; using historical and modern maps to describe how the wars of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods and growing nationalism changed the political geography of Europe and other regions (e.g., Louisiana Purchase) (National Geography Standard 13, p. 210).**

**__Terms and Concepts to Remember__** **Natural Law** **Thomas Hobbes** **John Locke** **Social Contract** **Natural Right** **Philosophe** **Montesquieu** **Voltaire** **Diderot** **Rousseau** **Laissez Faire** **Adam Smith**

**__Questions to Ponder...__**

**Locke lived through the English Revolution in 1688. How might have what he had seen influenced his beliefs?**

**Many of the works of the enlightenment thinkers were subject to censor, and their authors persecuted. Why might this be?** **Many of these thinkers deeply influenced the founding of the United States. What are some enlightenment principles seen in the US' government?**

**__Readings from the Age of Reason__** **Page with lots of excellent information on John Locke.** **University of Michigan project to translate the Encyclopedie into English.**

**__Images from the Age of Reason__**
 * [[image:800px-1st_encyclopedia_of_the_world_at_the_Teylers_museum,_photo-2.jpg width="550" height="295"]] ||
 * **One of the few original copies of the //Encyclopedie// remaining. Completed in 1772 by Diderot, it massively influenced thinking on topics important to the //philosophes//.** ||


 * [[image:MaryWollstonecraft.jpg width="373" height="452"]] ||
 * ** Portrait of Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797). An early advocate for women's rights, Wollstonecraft asserted that women, given the same opportunities as men, were every bit as capable of participating in public life. ** ||